西北干旱区水问题对策探讨

水维系着干旱区经济的持续发展和生态系统的动态稳定。在阐述干旱区水资源独特的禀赋基础上,探讨了包括水资源短缺、水环境恶化、洪水灾害威胁与水土流失严重等在内的水问题,分析了水问题之间的相互影响和叠加连锁效应。对干旱区常见的开荒扩耕增产增收的做法进行了剖析,结果表明:在脆弱的生态约束下,开荒扩耕并非发展经济的良策。结合干旱区实际状况,提出了一些应对水问题的对策。

Discussion on Countermeasures of Water Problems in Arid Regions of Northwest China

Water keeps the economy sustainable development and maintains the ecological system dynamic stability in arid regions. On the basis of illustrating the special characteristics of water resources, the water problems including water shortage, water environment deterioration, flood disaster threat and water loss and soil erosion aggravation were discussed. The mutual influences and the superimposed catenation effects of water problems were analyzed. The familiar action of increasing production and increasing incomes by reclaiming wilderness and enlarging agricultural acreages were evaluated. The results showed that under the constraint of ecology, developing economy through reclaiming wilderness and enlarging agricultural acreages was not a good plan. Taking into account the circumstances in arid regions, some countermeasures for water problems were brought forward.