蚬壳花椒种子萌发特性研究

目的:建立解除蚬壳花椒种子休眠和萌发的有效方法,提高蚬壳花椒种子萌发率。方法:以恒温4益、恒温25益、变温(先4益层积35 d,后25益层积35 d)湿沙层积70 d处理蚬壳花椒种子,每隔7 d进行1次取样,测定种子内营养物质含量和酶活性,分析各处理解休眠效果,探索最佳层积温度。以层积处理后的种子用不同发芽基质(湿沙、草炭、珍珠岩、土壤)进行拌种处理,探索最适宜发芽基质。结果:变温层积可以有效解除蚬壳花椒种子休眠;草炭拌种可以大幅提高种子萌发率到68%。结论:变温层积可以加速蚬壳花椒种子内营养物质的水解,提高种子内酶活性,促进种子内生理代谢反应。

Study on Characteristics of Zanthoxylum dissitum Hemsl. Seeds Germination

ObjectiveTo relieve the dormancy of Zanthoxylum dissitum Hemsl. seeds and improve the germination.MethodsWith wet sand stratification the seeds at constant temperature 4℃,constant temperature 25℃,variable temperature （first 35 days at 4℃,25℃sand stratification after 35 days）70 days,sampled once every 7 days,and determine of the seed content of nutrients and enzyme activity.Then analyzed the effect of removing dormancy,explored the best temperature of stratification.With the seeds after stratification treatment dressing treated with different substrates（wet sand,peat,perlite,soil）,discover the most suitable germination substrate.ResultsVariable temperature stratification could effectively relieve Zanthoxylum dissitum Hemsl.seeds’dormancy;peat dressing could significantly improve seed germination rate to 68%.ConclusionVariable temperature stratification could accelerate the hydrolysis of Zanthoxylum dissitum Hemsl. seeds’ nutrients and improve the enzyme activity to promote the seed physiological metabolic reactions.