中山市畜禽粪便污染负荷及风险评价研究

 为评价中山市畜禽粪便排放量的环境风险，采用排泄系数估算法计算了2011年中山市各镇区畜禽的粪便产生量，并计算了耕地畜禽粪便最大负荷量，运用耕地畜禽粪便承载预警值对畜禽养殖进行环境风险评价。结果表明：2011年中山市畜禽粪便产生量为40.72×104 t，尿液37.67×104 t，折合BOD5 3.67×104 t，COD 4.13×104 t，NH3 N 0.62×104 t。中山市耕地畜禽粪便承载量为16.47 t/ hm2，畜禽粪便承载预警值平均为0.5，总体预警级别为Ⅱ级，对环境“稍有影响”。中山市各镇区土地的畜禽粪便承载量存在差异，有必要制订各镇区的养殖业发展规划及其畜禽废弃物综合治理方案。

Livestock Manure Pollution Loads and Risk Assessment in Zhongshan City

This study was conducted to investigate the environmental risk on generation from livestock manure in Zhongshan city. The total volume of manures of all species of livestock in Zhongshan was estimated using the discharge coefficient method, and the maximum animal manure loading capacity of the field was calculated, for environmental risk assessment of the industry based on prewarning values of animal manure loading capacity of farm fields. Results showed that the industry in Zhongshan produced 40.72 t of excrement and 37.67 t of urine, which included 3.67 t of BOD5, 4.13 t of COD, and 0.62 t of NH3 N in 2011. The average livestock manure loading capacity of the field reached 16.47 t﹒hm-2 . The averaged livestock manure loading early warning value was 0.5, which could be sorted into Grade II of the overall early warning, corresponding to “slight environmental pollution”. However, it varied from town to town, and it's important to make a reasonable planning for breeding livestock in Zhongshan area.