美国对外政策制定中的民意测验

在美国对外政策制定中，民意测验并不只是反映民意本身，在一定程度上也塑造着民意。美国对外政策制定者对民意测验的态度取决于他们对外交政策和民意关系的认知。他们不会盲目地遵从民意测验的结果，而会采取一系列措施来调整民意，为其政策服务。在美国外交决策制定中，民意测验有时反映的与其说是公众的态度不如说是政策制定者的偏好。

An Analysis of Poll in Foreign Policy Decision Making in USA

As far as the foreign policy of the USA is concerned, poll does not only reflect public opinions but, to some extent, also manipulate public opinions. This article studies the attitudes of U. S. foreign policy officials toward poll, arguing that how foreign policy-makers perceive and react to poll depends on their beliefs of the relationship between foreign policy and public opinion. They do not follow poll passively; instead, they attempt to influence public perceptions to serve their policy objectives. Poll sometimes is more the beliefs of elites than the preferences of the public in U.S. foreign policy decision-making.