生产者责任延伸制度实施方式差异及绩效评价

生产者责任延伸制度（EPR）是以现代环境管理原则实现产品系统环境性能改善的一种政策性工具。生产者责任延伸政策在世界各国有不同的实施方式，通常有企业自愿、法律强制、经济手段刺激、协议执行以及几种方法综合使用等手段。决策者选择不同的实施方法是基于本国文化、国情、经济基础、国家环境政策和目标、优先解决的环境问题等各方面情况的综合考虑。各种不同的实施方法的环境效益和经济效益是不一样的，这也往往成为决策者选择的另一个依据，也值得后续准备采用KPR政策的国家借鉴。

Differences in Implementation Means of Extended Producer Responsibility System and Evaluation of the Performance

Extended producer responsibility （EPR） is a kind of policy tool to improve product environmental nature based on modern environmental management principles. In different countries extended producer responsibility has different implementation means, which include voluntary program, mandatory program, market driven program and negotiated program. Decisionmakers select different implementation means based on the culture, situation, economic actuality, environmental policy and goals and environmental priorities. The environmental and economic per{ormance varies with different implementation means, which will be the other reason for decision and reference to the countries that are ready to implement EPR.