甘肃省皮燕麦和裸燕麦种子带真菌情况检测

采用平板法对甘肃省的4个皮燕麦和裸燕麦种子样本的种带真菌进行了分离鉴定,分离出的真菌超过19个属。表面不消毒的皮燕麦和裸燕麦种子带真菌率均达100%,交链孢属真菌Alternaria spp.为优势菌,分出率达38%～98%。单个样本中出现频率≥10%的有12个属的真菌:Alternaria,Bipolaris,Botrytis,Chlamydomyces,Cladosporium,Epicoccum,Fusarium,Gonatobotrys,Mucor,Penicillium,Rhizopus,Trichothecium。不同来源种子样本种带真菌种类差异极大:镰刀菌属真菌Fusarium spp.仅在通渭的燕麦样本中分离到,且早熟禾镰刀菌Fusarium poae为优势种类,占分出镰刀菌总数的40%～100%;葡萄孢属真菌Botrytis spp.仅从合作的燕麦样本中分离到一些种带真菌,可以使种子霉腐或侵染种子根和胚芽。

Detecting Seed-borne Mycofloras of Hulled and Naked Oat Seed Samples in Gansu Province

The seeds of hulled oat cv.(strain)473 and Longyan No.3,naked oat cv.Baiyan No.2,grown in 2008 and 2009 in Gansu Province,was investigated to determine the species composition and abundance of fungi colonizing.Alternaria spp.were dominant species on non-disinfected grains,the isolation rates reached 38% to 98%.The fungal genera,occurring frequency≥10% in single sample,included Alternaria,Bipolaris,Botrytis,Chlamydomyces,Cladosporium,Epicoccum,Fusarium,Gonatobotrys,Mucor,Penicillium,Rhizopus and Trichothecium.Fungi isolated from seed samples were over nineteen genera.The categories of seed-borne fungi were vary in different source samples,the genus Fusarium isolated only from oat samples in Tongwei County,and the predominant species was F.poae,the isolation rates reached 40% to 100%,the genus Botrytis isolated only from oat sample in Hezuo City.Some of seed-borne fungi made seeds mouldy rot or infected seminal roots and embryos.