北京市降雨侵蚀力计算方法与特征研究

利用北京市20个测站1981~2004年的降雨资料,对比分析了几种降雨侵蚀力简易计算方法的适用性,计算了北京市不同地区的降雨侵蚀力R值,并在G IS软件支持下对所得结果进行了系统的分析、研究。结果表明:①逐月雨量的指数函数形式可作为估算北京市多年平均降雨侵蚀力的简易计算方法;②北京市降雨侵蚀力R值的年内动态变化显著,年R值在近几年降低趋势明显;③在空间分布上,北部山区八道河—椴树岭一带、西部房山山前地带R值最高,并沿两处连线向西、东南方向呈递减的趋势。

Study on Calculation Method and Characteristics of Precipitation Erosion Force of Beijing

The paper contrasts and analyzes the applicability of some simple calculation methods of precipitation erosion force and calculates the R value of precipitation erosion force of different regions in Beijing by using the meteorological data of 20 stations in Beijing in 1981~2004 period and analyzes and studies the obtained outcomes with the support of GIS software.The outcomes show that a) the exponential function of monthly rainfall can be used for the simple calculation method of long-term average precipitation erosion force of Beijing;b) the dynamic variation within a year of R value of precipitation erosion force of Beijing is remarkable and the tendency of decrease of annual R value is notable in recent years and;c) on spatial distribution,the R values of Badaohe-Duanshuling in the north mountainous region and Fangshan piedmont in the west are the highest and is reducing towards the west and southeast along the connecting line.