The probable genome donors to Arachis hypogaea L. based on arachin seed storage protein

Summary Interrelationships among six diploid species (A. chacoense, A. villosulicarpa, A. batizocoi, A. correntina, A. duranensis and A. cardenasii), tetraploid wild groundnut A. monticola and four accessions of A. hypogaea were studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of total seed proteins and arachin immunoprecipitates. Arachin in A. monticola and A. hypogaea cv. Trombay Groundnut 9 (TG-9) was composed of four acidic subunits (47.5 kd, 45.1 kd, 42.6 kd and 41.2 kd) and one major basic subunit (21.4 kd). The arachin subunit pattern in cv. Spanish Improved (SP) and TG-1 was almost similar to the pattern observed in A. monticola with the exception that the SP lacked the 41.2 kd and TG-1 lacked the 42.6 kd acidic subunits of A. monticola. Seed extracts of all diploid species studied reacted with the anti-arachin antibodies raised against SP arachin. The electrophoretic analysis of immunoprecipitates of diploid species showed a range of acidic subunits from 46.2 kd to 41.2 kd and one or two basic subunits of 21.4 kd and 20.2 kd. None of the diploid species showed the 47.5 kd subunit found in A. monticola or A. hypogaea. Of the diploid species, A. duranensis and A. cardenasii demonstrated two acidic subunits of 45.1 kd and 41.2 kd and a basic subunit of 21.4 kd as found in A. monticola. Likewise A. batizocoi showed two acidic subunits of 45.1 kd and 42.6 kd and the basic subunit of 21.4 kd as was observed in A. monticola. Based on electrophoretic data, our research supports the earlier conclusion that the probable genome donors to A. monticola are A. batizocoi and A. duranensis or A. cardenasii.