车用空气弹簧力学性能仿真及试验研究

车用空气弹簧工作过程中产生几何、材料、接触三重非线性,用传统的经验公式难以准确预测其非线性力学性能.近年来,随着非线性有限元理论和计算机的发展,用有限元法预测车用空气弹簧力学性能成为可能.该文以某一汽车悬架用空气弹簧为研究对象,采用Mooney-Rivlin模型模拟橡胶、Rebar模型模拟帘线、刚体模拟缘板和活塞等方法建立其有限元模型,导入非线性有限元软件ABAQUS进行力学性能数值计算.为了验证计算结果的可靠性,在Instron 8800电液伺服系统台架上进一步测试了该弹簧力学性能,结果分析表明计算值与试验值比较吻合,因此,非线性有限元为车用空气弹簧力学性能预测提供了一种经济实用的方法.

Simulation and experimental investigation of mechanical property of air spring for vehicles

Owing to the fact that there were geometric nonlinearities, physical nonlinearities and contact nonlinearities during the working of vehicle air spring, it is difficult to estimate its mechanical property accurately using empirical formula. In recent years, with the development of nonlinear finite element theory and computer techniques, it is possible to estimate the mechanical property of air spring using nonlinear finite element method. Based on the study of an air spring used on a certain kind of vehicle suspension system, its three-dimensional finite element model was developed. In the model, the cord reinforced rubber bellow was simulated by both Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model and Rebar model, and the listrium and piston were simulated by rigid-body model. The nonlinear finite element analysis software ABAQUS was applied for computing the mechanical property of vehicle air spring. To further validate the reliability of the calculated results, the static characteristic test for measuring the mechanical property of air spring was carried out on electro-hydraulic servo experiment rig system of Instron 8800 air spring. The analysis indicates that these calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Hence, nonlinear finite element method is an economical and practical approach to estimate mechanical property of vehicle air spring.