两种肿腿蜂对锈色粒肩天牛虫粪及其寄主植物气味的学习行为

经研究,白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao与哈氏肿腿蜂Sclerodermus harmandi (Buysson)均可寄生锈色粒肩天牛Apriona swainsoni(Hope)的低龄幼虫,可用于该害虫的生物防治。为了探讨其学习行为,采用Y-型嗅觉仪、培养皿两种方法,测定了锈色粒肩天牛虫粪及其寄主植物——国槐韧皮部的气味刺激对交配后的白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂和哈氏肿腿蜂的雌蜂嗅觉记忆的影响。结果表明,这两种肿腿蜂在羽化后经过对上述两种气味源48h接触后,有学习经历的雌蜂对两种气味源的选择性比没有学习经历的雌蜂对气味源的选择性相比显著提高。在对气味源的搜寻判断上,有学习经历的雌蜂所用时间显著少于没有学习经历的雌蜂。培养皿试验表明,有学习经历的雌蜂对锈色粒肩天牛虫粪及国槐树枝韧皮部水提物或正丁烷提取物的趋向率要高于没有学习经历的雌蜂,但二者差异不显著。两种寄生蜂的嗅觉记忆具有一定的稳定性和持久性,当其脱离学习环境一定时间后,对气味源仍有较强的趋向性。

Learning behavior of two species of Sclerodermus(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae)to the odor of the rass of Apriona swainsoni(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)and the phloem of host tree, Sophora japonica(Leguminosae)

Sclerodermus pupariae and S. harmandi are important parasitoids on young larvae of Apriona swainsoni. For study the learning behavior of the two parasitoid female adults, the techniques of Y-type olfactometer and petri dishes were used to determine the effects of the olfactory memory with larval frass of the longhorned beetle and the phloem of its host tree, Sophora japonica. It was found that the mated females of the parasitoids having significantly tendencies to the frass of A. swainsoni and the phloem of...