生土条件下冬小麦对氮、磷、钾的原始响应

配方施肥是提高作物肥料利用率和产量品质的重要措施。但氮、磷、钾营养元素之间的相互关系仍然存在一些不确定性,不同土壤肥力及不同的研究方法是造成这一结果的原因。本研究采用肥力极低的生土为基质,探讨了氮、磷、钾、有机肥及不同组合、配比对冬小麦产量和品质性状的影响。结果表明,只有磷素存在才能使小麦正常生长发育,单施氮、钾以及氮钾配施都不能保证小麦生长的基础代谢,不能形成正常产量。磷对氮的效应远大于氮对磷的效应。在土壤营养极度匮乏的非耕作土壤条件下,磷素是产量与品质形成的第一限制因素,可能作为土壤肥力形成的原始起动因素。

Triggering response of winter wheat to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrition in raw soil

Fertilization is a fundamental cultivative management measure for wheat production.It was well known that formula fertilization,in which nitrogen fertilizer was primary,could improve wheat yield and quality.However,there still exist some uncertainty on the interaction between nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium because many studies were carried out in different soil with variant basal nutrition status.In order to understand soundly the relationship between fertilization and wheat development and the interaction of different nutrition,an experiment was carried out on a raw soil.The results showed that significant variability appeared between different fertilization treatments regarding wheat yield and quality.Wheat could not grow and develop normally without P.Single application N and K or N cooperated with K could not guarantee the basic metabolism of wheat growth leading to a low yield.Yield and protein content in grain could be increased significantly by applying phosphorus.Phosphorus nutrition was the dominant limitation factor to achieve high yield and quality in raw soil,which indicated that phosphorus might be the original triggering element of fostering soil fertility.Applying phosphate fertilizer could improve the productivity of the barren soil prominently.