集约经营对雷竹林生态系统稳定性的影响

干扰对森林生态系统的结构和功能有着重要影响，能改变资源的有效性，会起到建设性或破坏性效果。雷竹Phyllostachys violascens是优良的笋用竹种，为达到高产高效的目的，雷竹林受到频繁的人工强度干扰。为了给雷竹林可持续经营和相关研究提供理论参考，综述了集约经营主要措施林地覆盖、施肥等对雷竹林鞭竹系统、土壤和生物性状等的影响。分析表明:雷竹林长期连年林地覆盖和过量施用化学肥料等不合理的经营干扰，会导致鞭竹系统结构稳定性降低和功能下降，土壤发生物理、化学和生物性劣变，致使立地生产力衰退。提出了有机覆盖物筛选及林地存留覆盖物促腐、测土配方平衡施肥、土壤性状改良等雷竹林生态系统稳定性维护的重点研究方向。参49

Effect of intensive cultivation management on stability of Phyllostachys violascens forest ecosystem

As an important factor affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystem，disturbances can change the effectiveness of the resources and play a constructive or destructive role. As an excellent shoot-purpose bamboo with high yield and efficiency，Phyllostachys violascens was affected by the artificial disturbance frequently and seriously. In order to provide reference for sustainable management of Ph. violascens forest，the effect of mulched stand and fertilization under intensive cultivation management on rhizome-culm system，soil and biological characters were summarized and analyzed. The results indicated that decreasing stability for rhizome-culm system，chemical，physical and biological deterioration of stand soil would cause degradation of stand productivity. Future research on the stability of Ph. violascens forest ecosystem will focus on the screening and bio-decomposing of organic mulch materials，testing soil balance fertilization and soil improvement.［Ch，49 ref.］