秦岭汉中地区野生杜鹃花种质资源调查研究

通过对南郑黎坪国家森林公园、宁强毛坝河镇草川子村、佛坪凉风垭自然保护区和略阳两河口镇的野生杜鹃资源进行实地调查，观察记录野生杜鹃资源的分布范围、生境、伴生植物，并对其形态特征进行测量与分析。结果如下:①在汉中地区发现了野生杜鹃Rhododendron 6个种，分别是粉白杜鹃Rhododendron hypoglaucum，太白杜鹃Rhododendron purdomii，秀雅杜鹃Rhododendron concinnum，美容杜鹃Rhododendron calophytum，干净杜鹃Rhododendron deterile和满山红Rhododendron mariesii；②花径、花色、花冠裂片大小、叶片等性状在种内与种间存在着显著差异，其变异趋势在6种野生杜鹃中较一致，但以花丝长度和叶片变异幅度最大，子房长度相对稳定变异幅度较小；美容杜鹃有4种花色，变异最大，干净杜鹃有1种花色，变异最少。最后针对资源现状提出了资源保护的建议:一方面应积极探索杜鹃繁殖方法，另一方面应充分利用现代分子生物学技术，从居群的水平对整个杜鹃属植物进行监控和保护。图1表3参10

Rhododendron in the Hanzhong Area of the Qinling Mountains

A sample survey of Rhododendron in Nanzheng Liping National Forest Park，Ningqiang Mao Bahe，Foping Liangfengya，and Lueyang Lianghekou all belonging to the Qinling Hanzhong area was made with the location，altitude，longitude，and associated plants of each kind of wild Rhododendron being recorded. Photos were taken and morphological characteristics were measured. The main results of the survey were as follows:（1） Rhododendron hypoglaucum，Rhododendron purdomii，Rhododendron concinnum，Rhododendron calophytum，Rhododendron detersile，and Rhododendron mariesii were found. （2） Variation in flower diameter，flower color，petal size，and leaves were noticeable among species with their variation trend being similar. The greatest variation was in range of filament length and leaves and least was in ovary length. R. calophytum had four different colors，whereas Rhododendron detersile had only one. Suggestions for conservation of these Rhododendron resources were put forward according to the survey results.［Ch，1 fig. 3 tab. 10 ref.］