思茅松阻燃胶合板的制备和性能

思茅松Pinus kesiya是云南的主要用材树种之一，主要用于制备胶合板。为了进一步改善思茅松胶合板的综合性能，提高其使用安全性，主要研究了思茅松单板的阻燃浸渍性，思茅松阻燃胶合板的力学性能和燃烧性能。研究结果表明:在阻燃剂质量分数为120 gkg－1，浸渍温度100 ℃的条件下，随着阻燃剂浸渍时间从1 h增加到5 h，思茅松单板的浸渍率依次增加；绝干单板的浸渍率要高于气干单板的浸渍率；并且4种不同阻燃剂（FR-A，FR-B，FR-C和FR-D）在相同的条件下其浸渍率各不相同，与阻燃剂的化学成分及其对木材的吸附性有关。另外，随着浸渍时间从1 h增加到5 h，单板阻燃剂浸渍率提高，胶合强度降低，氧指数和烟密度增加。当阻燃剂为FR-A时，胶合强度从0.97 MPa降低到0.73 MPa，氧指数从41.89%增加到64.88%，烟密度等级从1.20增加到10.95；而阻燃剂为FR?鄄B时，胶合强度从1.09 MPa降低到1.07 MPa，氧指数从42.35%增加到44.11%，烟密度等级从10.57增加到17.95。可见在胶合板中添加阻燃剂后会对板材的力学性能产生不利影响，但会改善板材的阻燃性；并且不同的阻燃剂对板材的力学性能和燃烧性能可产生不同的影响。此外，加入阻燃剂后，板材的发烟性提高，为了改善其发烟性，可进一步在胶合板中加入抑烟剂。利用阻燃剂来改善思茅松胶合板的阻燃性能是可行的，但阻燃剂的种类和配方尚需进一步进行研究和探索。表4参11

Manufacture and properties of Pinus kesiya flame retardant plywood

Pinus kesiya，which is widely used to make plywood，is commonly planted in Yunnan Province. To improve plywood properties（including mechanical and fire retardation properties）and promote safety because that the plywood panels without the fire retardation agents were easy to burn when those were used in interior decoration, the influence of flame retardation agents on the flame retardation agent impregnation rate of plywood，on mechanical properties，and on flame retardation of plywood panels was studied by means of orthogonal test. Results showed that when concentration of the flame retardation agent was 12 gkg-1 and the temperature was 100 C，flame retardation agent impregnation rates increased as the dipping time increased from 1 h to 5 h with rates of oven dry plywood higher than air dried. The impregnation rates were also different depending on the chemical composition of flame retardation agent and the moisture content of plywood（oven dry plywood and air dry plywood）. Additionally, as dipping time increased from 1 h to 5 h and when the flame retardation agent was FR-A（flame retardation agent A），mechanical properties（bonding strength）of plywood panels decreased from 0.97 to 0.73 MPa，the oxygen index（OI） increased from 41.89% to 64.88%, and the smoke density grade increased from 1.20 to 10.95. With flame retardation agent FR-B（flame retardation agent B），the mechanical properties of plywood panels decreased from 1.09 to 1.07 MPa，OI increased from 42.35% to 44.11%，and the smoke density grade increased from 10.57 to 17.95. Thus, flame retardation agents negatively influenced the mechanical properties of plywood panels，but this improved flame retardation properties making Pinus kesiya wood feasible for use in flame retardation plywood with further study necessary to lower the smoke density.［Ch，4 tab. 11 ref.］