关中西部葛藤（Puerraria）根区AM真菌分布与定殖

分析陕西武功的药葛、粉葛和菜葛3个葛藤品种（Puerraria lobata）根区AM真菌的空间分布和定殖情况，以了解AM真菌分布和定殖与土壤因子间的相关性。结果表明：AM真菌定殖和空间分布与宿主种类和土壤深度密切相关。同一植物，品种不同AM真菌定殖率也不同，菜葛的总定殖率，泡囊和菌丝定殖率分别高达98．85％，82．79％，95．96％，均高于粉葛与药葛。丛枝定殖率粉葛显著高于药葛；孢子密度药葛高达7．95个/g土，显著高于菜葛和粉葛。AM真菌孢子密度和菌丝，丛枝及总定殖率均在0～10cm土层达到最大值，而其泡囊定殖率最大值则出现在10-20cm土层。葛藤根际土壤有机质与丛枝定殖率呈显著正相关。土壤pH值与总定殖率呈极显著负相关，与菌丝定殖率呈显著负相关。土样中AM真菌多为球囊霉属（Glomus）种类。也有少数无梗囊霉属（Acaulospora）和盾巨孢囊霉属（Scutellospora）种类，详细情况有待于进一步鉴定。

College of Life Sciences Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China

Through analyzing soil samples collected in a field at Shaanxi Wugong, the response of AM fungi to plant breeds and its biotic environment were compared in this paper. Soil samples were collected from 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm depth soil layers in the rhizosphere of 3 breeds CaiGe, YaoGe and FenGe. The result indicated that different plant breeds and different soil layers significantly affected AM fungi colonization and spatial distribution. Different breeds of the plant had different colonization. Total colonization rate and vesicle, hypha colonization rate of CaiGe were 98.85%, 82.79%, 95.96%, separately, which was higher than that of YaoGe and FenGe. Arbuscule colonization of FenGe was significantly higher than that of YaoGe, spore density of YaoGe was 7.95 fungi/g soil, significantly higher than that of CaiGe and FenCe. The highest spore density, hypha colonization and arbuscule colonization occurred in 0-10 cm soil layer. The maximum value of the vesicle colonization appeared in 10-20 cm soil layer. Soil Organic matter had significantly positive effect on arbuscule colonization rate. Soil pH value had a significant negative correlation with total colonization rate and hypha colonization rate. Most of AM fungi in the soil sample belonged to Glomus, a few of species belonged to Acaulospora and Scutellospora. The concrete type need to be identified further.