不同种源麻栎幼苗叶片性状与水分利用效率的差异

以8个不同种源的1年生麻栎(Quercus acutissima Carruth.)幼苗为试材,在江苏省镇江市下蜀林场进行苗期试验,通过测定叶片性状和水分利用效率,综合分析不同种源麻栎对生长环境的适应能力,以期为麻栎林业生产实践提供有价值的参考。结果表明:不同种源麻栎的各叶片形态指标之间存在显著差异(P<0.05);浙江富阳、甘肃严坪林场、浙江开化和江苏盱眙种源的叶片含水率均达到了54%以上,显著高于其它4个种源;江苏盱眙种源叶片离体15 h后的保水力最大,为13.99%,显著高于甘肃榆树林场(10.65%)、山东泰安(10.99%)和浙江开化(10.39%);江苏镇江、甘肃榆树林场、山东泰安和江苏盱眙种源的水分利用效率分别为2.97、5.22、3.85、3.90μmol·mmol^-1,均显著大于其它4个种源。相关性分析表明,麻栎叶片各形态指标间表现出显著相关性,而叶片形态指标与含水率显著相关,叶片含水率则与水分利用效率表现为极显著负相关。主成分分析发现8个种源的综合评价指数表现为江苏盱眙(1.88)>浙江开化(0.94)>江苏镇江(0.69)>浙江富阳(0.39)>甘肃榆树林场(-0.48)>湖北恩施(-0.51)>甘肃严坪林场(-0.66)>山东泰安(-2.25)。综合分析可知,该试验条件下,江苏盱眙种源对生长环境的适应能力较强,江苏镇江、浙江富阳和浙江开化次之,试验地在进行麻栎苗木培育和造林时可以优先考虑这4个种源。

Differences in Leaf Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Quercus acutissima Seedlings From Different Provenances

The trial of one-year-old seedlings of Quercus acutissima from 8 provenances was established at Xiashu Forestry Farm in Zhenjiang city of Jiangsu Province.The leaf characters and water use efficiency were determined,and the adaptability of different provenances to the growing environment was comprehensively analyzed,in order to provide a valuable reference for paralyzed forestry production practices.The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf morphological characteristics among different provenances(P<0.05).The leaf water content of Zhejiang Fuyang,Gansu Yanping,Zhejiang Kaihu,Jiangsu Xuyi provenances all reached above 54%,which was significantly higher than the other 4 provenances.The leaf water retention capacity of Jiangsu Xuyi provenances was the highest(13.99%) when 15 hours after the leaves are isolated,which was significantly higher than that of Shandong Tai′an(10.99%),Gansu Yushu(10.65%),Zhejiang Kaihua(10.39%).The water use efficiency of Jiangsu Zhenjiang,Gansu Yushu,Shandong Tai′an and Jiangsu Xuyi provenances were 2.97,5.22,3.85,3.90 μmol·mmol-1,which were significantly higher than the other 4 provenances.Correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant correlation among leaf morphological characteristics,while leaf morphological characteristics were significantly correlated with water content and leaf water content was negatively correlated with water use efficiency.Principal component analysis elucidated that the comprehensive evaluation index of 8 provenances was as follows,Jiangsu Xuyi(1.88)>Zhejiang Kaihua(0.94)>Jiangsu Zhenjiang(0.69)>Zhejiang Fuyang(0.39)>Gansu Yushu(0.48)>Hubei Enshi(-0.51)>Gansu Yanping(-0.66)>Shandong Tai′an(-2.25).According to the comprehensive analysis,Jiangsu Xuyi provenance has strong adaptability to the growing environment under the conditions of this test,followed by Jiangsu Zhenjiang,Zhejiang Fuyang and Zhejiang Kaihua.And these four provenances could be prioritized when cultivate and afforest seedlings of Quercus acutissima.