马蹄静脉构型的研究

用血管铸型法研究了马蹄静脉构型。结果是:马蹄静脉分为真皮外静脉系和真皮内静脉系。真皮外静脉系分为深浅两组。深组有轴平行静脉、终端静脉、蹄软骨内侧静脉网和指固有静脉后部吻合支;浅组有独立浅静脉、蹄冠静脉、蹄冠下静脉和蹄后静脉。真皮内静脉系:肉冠、肉壁近侧部有双层静脉网;肉壁远侧部、肉底、肉叉为单层静脉网。肉底静脉网呈多边形小环,靠近蹄匣增殖区静脉较粗。全部蹄静脉互相吻合成完整的立体网。大部静脉内缺乏瓣膜。蹄踵部静脉血有双重输出路线。蹄的震动和负重力是蹄静脉血回流的一种有效力。

Studies on the Pattern of Equine Hoof Veins

The pattern of equine hoof veins was studied by using a method known as vascular corrosion cast. The results showed that the veins of equine hoof consist of an extrinsic corium vein system and an intrinsic corium vein system. The extrinsic corium vein system is divided into a deep vein group and a superficial vein group, and the former is composed of the axial paral- lel vein, terminal vein, inner venous plexus of hoof cartilage and the caudal anastomosis between proper digital veins; the latter is composed of the independent superficial vein, coronary vein, subcoronary vein and caudal hoof vein. The intrinsic corium vein system includes the coronary corium and proximal wall corium, each with a two-layer vein network, and the distal wall corium, sole corium and frog corium, each with a single-layer vein net- work. The vein network in sole corium appears to be in small multi-sided rings. Around the proliferous area of hoof epiderm, the veins are thicker. All of the hoof veins anastomose mutually to form a complete stereonetwork, and most veins lack valves inside. The veins in heel regions have double transfusion vessels. The concussion and weight - bearing force of hoof are utilised for effective return of venous blood of hoof.