塔里木河干流纳污能力分析与评价

塔里木河是我国第一大内际河，全长1321km。近些年来，由于流域内不合理开荒、无序引水及大量农田排水不经过任何处理就直接排入塔里木河，使塔里木河水质恶化严重，已严重影响流域内人民的正常生产、生活。本文通过大量实地调查、取样、分析及对塔里木河不同区段、不同时段纳污量的计算，从定量指标上反映塔里木河各排污口允许排入塔里木河的农田污水的数量。通过计算和统计，每年有835万t污染物进入塔里木河，而塔里木河的纳污能力仅为76.98万t，因此必须采取有效的措施才能保证塔里木河水质达标。

Analysis and Assessment about the Pollutant-holding Capability of the Mainstream of Tarim River

Tarim River is the longest inland river in China and also a famous continental river in the world. Its mainstream is 1321 km in length. Tarim River takes an important place in the economic development in Xinjiang. However, in recent years many problems have been brought about by irrational reclamation of wasteland, irrational diversion from the source streams and large volume of untreated sewage drained into Tarim River, which mainly include water quality deterioration in Tarim River, salinization of surface water and serious impact on people's living and production in this region. Based on the large amounts of field investigation, sampling, analysis and calculation of the dirt-holding capability of Tarim River at its different sections and in the different periods, the allowable volumes of all the farmland sewage outlets are calculated. The calculated and statistical results show that a pollutant quantity of 8.35 million t is drained into Tarim River every year, whereas the annual pollutant-holding capability of Tarim River is only 0.7698 million t. Therefore, only by taking some effective measures can the water quality of Tarim River be improved.