乡村振兴战略背景下大学生返乡下乡创业意愿影响因素分析

基于对4所高校学生进行的问卷调查分析,采用二元Logit模型,研究大学生的返乡下乡创业意愿因素,提出促进大学生返乡下乡创业的相关建议。实证研究结果表明,37.7%的大学生有进行返乡下乡创业的意愿,其中:大学生的性别、是否为独生子女以及文化程度对大学生返乡下乡创业具有显著影响,而文化程度较低的大学生返乡下乡创业意愿更强。家庭特征对大学生返乡下乡创业意愿有显著正向影响,父母有过创业经历的和家庭经济条件较好的大学生返乡下乡创业意愿会更强。创业环境对大学生返乡下乡创业意愿具有显著性影响,创业政策越优惠、创业设施越便利,大学生返乡下乡创业意愿越强。愿意放弃舒适的环境、愿意承担创业过程中遇到的风险以及具备强烈责任感的大学生对返乡下乡创业的意愿更强,大学生创业自我认知对返乡下乡创业意愿具有显著性影响。

Factors on College Graduates Willingness to Return Home and Start their Own Businesses under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

Based on the questionnaire analysis of 247 students,this paper uses the dual logit model to study the factors influencing students'willingness to return home and start their own businesses,and puts forward some suggestions to promote their rural return and pioneering efforts.The empirical research results based on the feed-backs show that 37.7%of college students express the willingness to return home to start their own business,including:(1)the gender of college students,whether they are the only child or not,and the level of their education all have a significant impact on their return to home to start their own business,and the lower the level of education,the stronger the willingness of college students to return home to start their own business.(2)Family characteristics have a significant positive impact on college students'willingness to return home to start their own business.Students with parents'entrepreneurial experience and better family economic conditions have a stronger willingness to return home to start their own business.(3)Entrepreneurial environment has a significant impact on the entrepreneurial willingness of college students to return home.The more preferential the entrepreneurial policy,the more convenient the entrepreneurial facilities,the stronger the entrepreneurial willingness of college students to return home.(4)The stronger the willingness of college students who are willing to give up the comfortable urban environment and take the risks in entrepreneurship and the stronger their sense of responsibility is,the more willing they are to return home and venture in business.The entrepreneurial self-awareness of college students has a significant impact on the entrepreneurial willingness of their hometown return and entrepreneurship.