我国36个小麦品种抗秆锈基因的推导

根据对北美23个小麦秆锈菌系的反应，分两批研究了我国36个小麦品种存在的抗秆锈基因。第1批24个是60年代和70年代广泛种植的生产品种，第2批12个是当前的重要品种。对测试的品种的抗秆锈基因，用25个抗秆锈单基因（S#-r基因）系对秆锈菌系的反应作比较，鉴定发现具有S#-r5、S#-r8a、S#-r11、S#-r17、S#-r31和S#-rT#-（mp）等6个基因。在第1批品种鉴定结果中，扬麦1号的抗性基因不包括在被鉴定的基因之内。北京6号、北京8号、北京15号、石家庄34、丰产3号和矮丰3号不具有本文涉及的抗秆锈基因。东方红2号、东方红6号、克丰1号、北京10号、安徽11号、京红1号、京红2号和青春5号具有S#-r5基因。农大311、农大139、北京9号、白蚰包、徐州14号和北京10号具有S#-r T#-（mp）基因。安徽11号具有S#-r8基因。矮秆早、京红1号和京红2号具有S#-r17基因。青春5号可能具有S#-r11基因。第2批品种鉴定结果中，冬协3号和冬协4号具有S#-r5和S#-r31基因。丰抗2号、丰抗8号、京单106 、冀78 - 4078、鲁麦1号和烟农7770 - 4可能只有S#-r31基因。丰抗13具有1个未确定的基因。辐63、晋麦11和百农3217可能具有1个未定名的基因，它只对少数菌系有抗性。

POSTULATION OF GENES FOR STEM RUST RESISTANCE IN 36 CHINESE WHEAT CULTIVARS

The presence of genes for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia qraminis Pets. f. sp. tritici) was studied in 36.Chinese wheat cultivars by determining their reactions to 23 stem rust isolates. These were the most widely grown cultivars in the 1960 to 1980's. Only 7 genes Sr5, 6, 8a, 11, 17, 36 and Tmp of the 25 Sr genes resistance for stem rust evaluated were postulated as being present in these cultivars. Yangmai 1 possessed genes for resistance other than those studied. No Sr genes for resistance were detected in Beijing 6, Beijing 8, Beijing 15, Shijiazhuang 34, Fengchen 3 and Aifeng 4. Sr 5 was postulated in Dongfanghong 2, Dongfanghong 6, Kefeng 1, Beijing 10, Anhui 11, Jinghong 1, Jinghong 2 and Qingchung 5. Sr Tmp was in Nungda 311, Nungda 139, Beijing 9, Beijing 11, Baiyubao, Yanan 15, Xuzhou 14 and Beijing 10. Sr 8 in Aiganzao and Anhui 11; Sr 17 in Aiganzao, Jinghong 1 and Jinghong 2 while Sr 6 and Sr 11 probably in Qingchung 5. Dongxie 3 and Dongxie 4 possessed Sr 5 and Sr 31. Fengkang 2, Fengkang 8, Jingdan 106, Ji 78-4078, Lumai 1 and Yan 7770-4 probably had Sr 31. Fengkang 13 had Sr 5 plus another unidentified gene. Fu 63, Jingmai 11 and Bainong 3217 probably had an undesignated resistanec gene(s) effective against only a few races.