茶叶杜瓜高效立体栽培技术研究初报

茶树在进化过程中形成了喜阴喜湿和喜漫射光、怕强光直射的特性,适度遮阴的条件下,可改变茶园田间小气候,从而提高茶叶产量和品质。本研究茶叶和杜瓜立体栽培,充分利用了土地资源,提高复种指数,增加单位面积产出率。作者认为,一般茶树品种皆可套种,然白化类黄化类茶树品种尤为适应。杜瓜密度以每667m~220~30株为宜,杜瓜藤蔓在棚顶30%~40%左右的遮阴率为佳,将有利于茶树生长提高产量并改善茶叶品质。过密藤蔓造成茶园过度遮阴,茶树冠面阳光不足将影响茶树生长降低茶叶产质量。杜瓜套种使春茶开采期提早2~3天;每667 m~2茶园增收茶叶450元,杜瓜籽增收2700元,净产值增加2100元,比普通茶园增收20%~30%。

Three dimensional cultivation techniques for tea and Du melon

During its evolutionary process,tea plant has formed the characteristics of loving humid and the development of the system in the long form of the light shade hi hi hi wet ascattering light,and being disgusted with strong sunlight.Microclimate in tea garden can be improved by moderate shading, leading to the improvement of tea yield and quality.This study developed a three dimensional cultivation using tea plant and Du melon so as to increase output per unit area.The results showed that this cultivation system is especially suitable for albino tea cultivars.The optimum planting density for Du melon was 20 -30 plants per 667 m2 ,with light transmittance 60 -70%.The first plucking time of the tea plant in the spring under the interplanting was 2 -3 days earlier than mornal planting and output values increased by RMB 450 Yuan for tea plant,and the output value for the Du melon was RMB 2700 Yuan, with 20 -30% more than the normal planting tea fields.