热力烟雾机在玉米病虫害防治上的应用研究

玉米病虫害的药剂防治主要在玉米生长的中后期进行,但由于株高叶茂,田间喷药困难。热力烟雾机采用一些油剂作为农药的载体,经输导管在高温点(350~400℃)时瞬间气化,形成热雾且分布均匀,可沿田埂施药。试验以机动弥雾机喷雾防治为对照,在玉米田进行了热力烟雾机热雾粒田间不同水平距离和垂直高度的药剂雾滴分布规律和对玉米南方锈病、纹枯病、蚜虫的防效试验。结果表明,使用热力烟雾机防治效果高于机动弥雾机喷雾防治效果,热力烟雾机防治有效距离为25 m以上,热雾粒数量在田间不同水平距离(0~25 m)、垂直高度(0~2 m)范围内比较均匀,正面热雾粒附着量为150~300粒.cm-2,背面热雾粒附着量为50~140 cm2粒。

Application of thermal fogger to the control of maize diseases and pests

The chemical control of maize pests and diseases was mainly at the latter stage of corn growth,but maize grew too highly to spray chemicals in the field at this stage in this paper,some oils was used as a pesticide carrier in thermal fogger, which became gasification in a flash and formed heat fog at the high temperature point (350～400℃) through the tube.The heat fog was well distributed,so chemicals were sprayed along the ridge in maize by use of thermal fogger.The droplet subsidence distribution rule and the control efficiency of chemicals on maize diseases and pests by means of thermal fogger were studied in contrast with electric mist sprayer.The results showed that the control effect of chemicals on pests by thermal fogger was higher than that of electric mist sprayer.The effective distance of spraying by thermal fogger was more than 25 m;the droplet deposition was symmetrical at the level distance from 0 to 25 m,and vertical height from 0 to 2 m.The droplets of the foliar were about 150～300 cm~(-2),50～140 cm~(-2) on the blade back.