马铃薯稻草覆盖免耕栽培不同盖草方法比较试验

采用沟土铺底抓土盖种盖草、抓土盖种盖草沟土铺面和抓土盖种条盖草沟土铺面免耕栽培马铃薯,结果表明:稻草覆盖免耕栽培比常规翻耕栽培出苗齐,出苗快4~7d,成苗率提高2.1%~4.5%,分枝期提早7~9d,分枝多2个,生长势强,生长期延长6~9d,单株结薯多0.5~0.7个,单株薯重增加34.5%~48.8%,增产30.5%~47.1%,达极显著水平;3种盖草方法间的产量差异不显著,但以抓土盖种盖草沟土铺面产量最高,采用不同盖草方法对薯块大小影响不大。

Comparison experiment on no-tillage cultivation with different covering methods of rice straw for potato

Four methods were taken for no-tillage cultivation of potato.The first one was that seed potato was covered with furrow soil and then covered with rice straw after fertilizing.The second was that potato seed was covered with furrow soil and then covered with the straw after fertilizing and finally covered the furrow soil in surface.The third one was that potato seed was sown with shallow ditching then was covered with furrow soil and covered the straw in seed line by line,and covered soil furrow in surface at last.The fourth one was the control,which was conventional plowing planting.In the control the seed potato was sowed with ditching,and the seed and straw was covered with soil furrow after fertilizing.The results showed that the potato seedlings by notillage cultivation with covering of rice straw came out evenly and ahead of 47 days,the formation rate of seedlings increased by 2.1%-4.5%,the branching stage was ahead of 7-9 days,the number of branch increased by two,and the growth vigor was stronger and the growth duration was prolonged;and formation of the mini-tubers per plant increased by 0.5-0.7,the tuber weight per plant increased by 34.5%-48.8%,and the yield increased by 30.5%-47.1%.The difference of yield among three straw covering methods was not significant,but the yield of the second one was the highest,and the effect of different cultivation methods on tuber size was not obvious.