额济纳荒漠绿洲环境容量与环境影响评价

额济纳荒漠绿洲生态环境的变迁经历了一个复杂且漫长的时期，伴随着人类开发利用水资源的进程和人工绿洲建设的过程，水资源的时空分布发生了显著的变化，土地沙漠化、土壤盐渍化、荒漠河岸林植被退化、水质恶化等情况严重。本文通过对绿洲水资源、土地资源、植被资源的系统分析，以“以水定地”、“水土平衡”的生态考核原则对绿洲环境容量进行评价。并对绿洲开发利用作了环境影响评价。提出了额济纳荒源绿洲水资源利用及其生态经济发展途径。

Assessment of Environmental Capacity and Environmental Impact Assessment in Ejina Oasis

The changes of ecological environment in Ejina oasis have experienced a complicated and very long period.With processes of water resource exploitation and use and man made oasis construction,the changes of distribution of water resources in time and space,land desertification,salinization of soil,degradation of desert riverbank forest and deteriorate of water quality have become serious.Through a systematic analysis on resources of water,land and vegetation,a assessment was made on environmental capacity of the oasis in accordance with the ecological principles of land exploitation with full of supply of water resources.This paper also made environmental impact assessment related to the exploitation and use of the oasis and put forward the ways of water resource use and eco economic development in Ejina oasis.