珍稀濒危树种珙桐的生存特性

珙桐(Davidiainvolucrate)为中国一级保护植物,系第三纪古热带植物的孑遗树种,属于珍稀濒危的单属单种植物。近年来,由于区域开发项目的增多,致使这种古老而珍稀树种的天然分布生境和天然种群数量急剧下降。为此,本文通过大面积的野外调查和查阅资料,研究了珙桐的生物和生态特性,系统分析了珙桐在不同地质阶段的地理分布状况,探讨了促使其种群数量动态变化的主要原因。不同年份标准样地调查表明,在没有人类干扰的区域,珙桐种群数量随年份增加;但是在有人类干扰的区域,珙桐种群数量随年份减少;随着人口密度和人类活动的增加,珙桐种群数量呈对数曲线y=-100.7ln(x)+178.09的速度下降,这表明珙桐种群已由优势种群衰退到濒临灭绝的程度。基于对珙桐的现有研究,提出了珙桐的保护措施。图3参31。

Living characteristics of rare and endangered species—— Davidia involucrata

Dovetree (Davidia involucrate), one of the first-class protective plants in China, is a relic species of paleotropical kingdom in Tertiary period, belonging to Davidiaceae with a single genus. In recent years, the increase of regional developing projects has led to a sharp decrease of this ancient and rare plant in naturally distributed habitats and natural population. In this paper, the biological and ecological characteristics of Dovetree were described, and the geographically distributed condition of this species in different geologic periods as well as the major reasons for dynamic changes of its population were systematically analyzed in accordance with field researches and references. The investigations conducted in different years by setting up standard sample plots showed that the population number of Dovetree increased yearly in the areas without human interference but decreased yearly in the areas with human interference. With the increase of population density and human activities de-creased as the logarithmic curve: Y = -100.7ln(x)+178.09, and it has turned from a dominant population into an endangered population. Based on the former and present studies on Dovetree, some protection strategies were put foreword for protecting this ancient and rare species.