施氮方式对冬小麦品种京冬11籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响

为确定冬小麦品种京冬11的适宜施氮方式,在总施氮量（210kg.hm-2）一致条件下,分析了全部基施（N1）、1/2作基施＋1/2在拔节期追施（N2）和1/2作基肥＋1/3在拔节期追施＋1/6在开花期追施（N3）三种施氮方式间该品种籽粒灌浆特性及产量的差异。结果表明,随氮肥后移,籽粒达到最大灌浆速率的时间后延,总灌浆时间延长;灌浆速率系列参数以氮肥全部基施的最小,其余两处理的基本相同;各灌浆阶段籽粒干物质积累量均以N1处理最少,N3处理最多。灌浆时间系列参数变异系数较小;灌浆速率除渐增期变异系数较小外,其余时期变异系数均较大。籽粒干重灌浆初期以氮肥全部基施处理最大,灌浆中后期随氮肥后移而增加。全部基施处理千粒重最小,产量最低,其余两处理间产量及其构成因素差异均不显著。

Grain Filling Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat Jingdong 11 under Different Application Modes of Nitrogen Fertilizer

This experiment was conducted with 210 kg·hm^-2 total nitrogen through three treatments of disposable bottom application nitrogen before tilling(N1), 1/2 nitrogen before tilling and 1/2 nitrogen during jointing stage(N2), and 1/2 nitrogen before tilling and 2/3 of the other half nitrogen applied during jointing stage and 1/3 of that applied during blooming stage(N3) to study the effects of application mode of nitrogenous fertilizer on grain filling characteristics and yield of winter wheat, The results showed that the time of reaching largest grain filling rate was delayed and the total grain filling duration time was prolonged with delaying the nitrogen application date. The all parameters of grain filling rate in treatment N1 were the smallest; there were no significant difference between treatment N2 and N3. The grain dry matter accumulation amount in each grain filling stage in N1 was the least, and the largest appeared in the treatment N3. All coefficients of variation of grain filling duration time were smaller, while coefficients of variation of grain filling rate were larger except that at slightly increasing stage. Grain dry matter was more in treatment N1 during the initial filling, afterwards grain dry matter was more with delaying date of the nitrogen application. The grain weight and yield were significantly decreased in treatment N1; there were no differences in the yield components and yield between treatments N2 and N3.