8种植物源农药的提取工艺及其抑制真菌作用研究

目的]研究黄连、丁香等8种药用植物抑菌成分的最佳提取工艺及对2种植物病原菌的抑制作用。方法]采用水提、乙醇提、丙酮提3种提取方法提取各种药用植物有效成分,采用药物平板稀释法测定药用植物提取物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和抑菌率。结果]抑制2种植物病原菌的最优药用植物及提取方法分别为：抑制地黄枯萎病菌采用丁香乙醇提和丙酮提,肉桂乙醇提,此时MIC达到4 mg/ml,抑制肉苁蓉致病菌采用丁香乙醇提和丙酮提,肉桂丙酮提,此时MIC达到4 mg/ml。结论]8种药用植物的乙醇和丙酮提取物对供试菌种的抑制作用明显优于水提物。

Extraction Technology of Eight Botanical Pesticides and Their Antifungal Activities on Fungus

Objective]The optimum extraction technology of antifungal ingredients from eight medicinal plants such as coptis root and clove,etc.and their antifungal effect on two species of plant pathogens were studied.Method]The effective ingredients of medicinal plants were extracted by water,ethanol and acetone.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and antifungal rate of extracts from medicinal plants were determined using plate diluting method.Results]The optimum medicinal plant and the extraction method inhibited two plant pathogens were as follows∶clove extracted by ethanol and acetone,and cinnamon extracted by ethanol could be adopted to inhibit Fusarium sp,and MIC at that moment reached 4 mg/ml.Clove extracted by ethanol and acetone,and cinnamon extracted by ethanol could be adopted to inhibit the pathogen of Herba cistanches,and MIC at that moment reached 4 mg/ml.Conclusion] The antifungal effects of ethanol and acetone extracts on tested pathogens were obviously superior than that of water extracts.