季节变化对不同品种种公牛精液品质及产能的影响

选择年龄在3~4.5岁的不同品种的种公牛20头,观察四季变化对其精液次均采集量、平均密度、平均活力、精液利用率及制冻数量的影响。结果显示,在四个季节中,鲁西牛春、夏季的精液密度极显著高于其他季节(P＜0.01),秋季精子活力极显著低于春季(P＜0.01),夏、秋季的精液利用率及制冻数量显著低于春季(P<0.05);蒙贝利亚牛在夏季的精液采集量显著高于其他季节(P＜0.05),夏、秋季精液密度均显著低于春季(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),夏季精子活力显著低于春季(P＜0.05),夏、秋两季精液利用率及制动数量显著低于春季(P＜0.05);德系西门塔尔牛夏季精液采集量有明显上升,显著高于冬季(P＜0.05),秋季的精液密度显著低于春季(P＜0.05),而夏、秋季精子活力显著低于春、冬季(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),春季的精液利用率及制冻数量显著高于冬季与夏、秋季(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)。综上所述,季节变化均会对各品种公牛精液指标产生不同程度的影响,其中对鲁西牛的影响较小。

Effects of Seasons on Seminal Quality and Productivity in Bulls of Different Varieties

To study the effects of seasonal varitions on seminal quality and productivity including the average collected volume, the average density, the average activity, the rate of semen utilization and the number of frozen semen tubule in bulls, 20 bulls of different breeds were selected which were 3 to 4.5 years old. The results showed that the semen density of Luxi bulls was the highest in spring and summer (P＜0.01), and whose sperm activity was significantly lower than other seasons in autumn(P＜0.01), and the rate of semen utilization and the number of frozen semen tubule were significantly reduced simultaneously in summer and autumn(P＜0.05). For Montbeliate, the semen collected volume was the most in summer(P＜0.05), the semen density in summer and autumn was significantly lower than that in spring(P＜0.05,P＜0.01), the sperm activity in summer was the lowest among the whole year, and was significantly lower than that in spring(P＜0.05), and the variations the rate of semen utilization and the number of frozen semen tubule were similar to that of Luxi bulls. The semen collected volume of German Simmental was significantly rising in summer(P＜0.05), the semen density in autumn was significantly lower than that in spring(P＜0.05), the sperm activity in summer and autumn was significantly lower than that in spring and winter(P＜0.01,P＜0.05), and the rate of semen utilization and the number of frozen semen tubule in spring were significantly higher than those in the other seasons(P＜0.05,P＜0.01). In conclusion, there were some effects on seminal quality and productivity in bulls of different breeds when the seasons changed, and the effects was the smallest to Luxi bulls.