干旱区不同水盐处理对向日葵生理性状的影响研究

以美国油料向日葵G101为材料,研究在干旱区不同水盐处理对作物(油葵)的生理性状及产量形成的影响。结果表明:作物群体叶面积、叶片水势和产量随土壤含盐量的增加而呈下降趋势。在不同水盐处理下,轻度盐土结合(55%～65%)θfc的水分处理是适宜的。含水率在(65%～75%)θfc,含盐量在0.3%～0.5%时对油葵的生长及最终产量的形成影响不大,其叶面积指数、叶水势和产量与轻度盐土的分别相差5.90%、0.27MPa和5.92%。而含盐量超过0.5%时,高水分处理也对油葵的生长及最终产量的形成产生严重抑制,其产量是轻盐土的57.39%,低水分处理减产率达62.32%。

Effect on Physiological Properties of Sunflower Under Water-saving Irrigation in the Arid Areas

The American sunflower G101 was planted in field, effect of difference water-salt treatment on crop physiological process and yields formation were studied in the arid areas. The main findings are as follows: Index of leaves, leaf potential and yield decreased while soil salinity increasing. In the different water-salt treatment, it is feasible while soil salinity is 0.2%～0.3% and soil moisture is (55%~65%)θ(fc). It did certain harm to crop growth under soil moisture is(65%~75%)θ(fc) and soil salinity is 0.3%～0.5%, but the harm was little. Index of leaves, leaf potential and yield was 5.90%, 0.27 MPa, and 5.92% of the light salt stress respectively. But when soil salinity >0.5%, although high water treatment (soil moisture is 65%~75%θ(fc)) had serious harm to plant growth and final output. Output was 57.39% of light salt soil', the ratio of decreased output was 62.32% under low water treatment(soil moisture is 55%~65%θ(fc)).