牡丹花芽休眠解除进程中碳氮比的变化与低温处理时间的关系

以牡丹‘鲁荷红’花芽为材料，对不同低温处理的牡丹花芽的4种营养物质的含量进行测定，同时测定淀粉水解酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性。目的是探索其变化趋势与牡丹休眠解除的相关性。试验结果表明，在牡丹花芽休眠解除过程中，淀粉、可溶性糖与可溶性蛋白质均有不同程度的增加；但是基本打破休眠时，即低温15天时可溶性蛋白含量有所降低，打破休眠后，又恢复含量；而游离氨基酸的量变化不明显，整个过程趋于稳定。其花芽的总体碳氮比，在未感受低温时，比值较低，感受低温后的花芽其总体的碳氮比持续处于较高的水平，并趋于稳定。在牡丹花芽休眠解除过程中，淀粉水解酶活性持续缓慢升高，可溶性糖含量升高，碳水化合物积累，是碳氮比升高的重要原因。谷氨酰胺合成酶活性呈现先升高后下降的趋势, 在感受低温15天时达到最高值。

Correlation Analysis Between C/N and the Amount of Chilling Treatment During the Release of Dormant Floral Buds in Paeonia suffruticosa

In order to explore the relationship between physiological changes and dormancy releasing in tree peony,four nutrient indices including endogenous soluble protein,soluble sugar,soluble starch and free amino acid and the activity of amylase and glutamine synthase were measured during the dormancy release.The results showed that the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar,and soluble starch increased steadily during 0 to 15 days chilling treatment.After 15 days of chilling treatment,dormancy was broken and the content of the soluble protein decreased,then increased again.But the content of free amino acid had no significant difference from the control.Compared with that of no chilling treatment the ratio of carbon and nitrogen was continuously increased and maintained at high level with the increase of days of chilling treatment.The result showed that the high level of carbon and nitrogen ratio was mainly due to the increased activity of amylase,the high level of soluble sugar and the accumulation of carbohydrates.The activity of glutamine synthase showed the trend of increasing firstly and lowering then,reaching the highest value in 15 days of chilling treatment.