地膜再利用对河套地区向日葵农艺性状及产量的影响

为了降低普通地膜覆盖残留对农田环境的污染，2009-2011年在河套地区进行了旧膜、新膜及露地栽培向日葵对比试验，研究地膜再利用对向日葵农艺性状和产量及其相关因子的影响。结果表明，旧膜的株高、茎粗、盘径、叶干重和地上部总干重均显著高于露地，其中，两年的株高分别高6.3%和7.5%，茎粗分别高6.8%和17.4%，盘径分别高8.0%和9.6%，叶干重分别高24.9%和33.2%，地上部总干量分别高29.4%和25.3%；旧膜的茎粗略高于新膜，无显著差异，旧膜的株高、盘径、叶干重和地上部总干重均略低于新膜，无显著差异。旧膜覆盖下向日葵的每盘粒重、百粒重及产量均显著高于露地，其中，2年的每盘粒重分别高3.3%和10.4%，百粒重分别高3.7%和5.8%，产量分别高11.4%和16.8%；与新膜无显著或极显著差异。说明旧膜仍具有改善向日葵农艺性状和提高产量的作用。

Effects of Re-used Plastic Film Mulching on Sunflower Agronomic Characters and Yield in Hetao Region

Aiming at reducing agricultural pollution caused by plastic film, the effects of re-used plastic film mulching on soil temperatures and seed emergence were studied through comparing with the new plastic film mulching, and open field in 2009-2010 in Hetao region. The results showed： compared to bare field, re-used film mulching could significantly increase sunflower＇ s plant height 6.3% and 7.5%, stem diameter 6.8% and 17.4%, disc diameter 8.0% and 9.6%, leaf dry weight 24.9% and 33.2% and total dry weight 29.4% and 25.3% respectively in 2010 and 2011. Except stem diameter, plant height, disc diameter, leaf dry weight and total dry weight of re-used film mulching was slightly lower than that of new film mulching, but the difference was not significant. Compared with bare field, yield per plant of re-used film mulching was significantly by increased 3.3% （2010） and 10.4% （2011）, 100-seed weight of re-used film mulching was significantly increased by 3.7% （2010） and 5.8% （2011）, and they were lower than that of new film mulching, but the difference was not significant. In addition, compared with bare field, sunflower yield of re-used film mulching was significantly increased 11.4% （2010） and 16.8% （2011）, and compared to the new film treatment, the yield decreased 3.3% （2010） and 2.6% （2011）.