基于RS和GIS的天津市滨海新区土地利用变化特征分析

为了揭示快速发展的天津市滨海新区近年来土地利用模式及集约化程度，利用1987年、1993年、2001年、2006年影像资料，借助GIS空间分析和数理统计方法，分析了近20年天津市滨海新区土地利用时空变化特征。结果表明，近20年间该区域土地利用模式的改变最明显的是建设用地的增加和水域的减少，二者均在不同时段表现出一致的变化趋势，而耕地、草地、林地和未利用地在20年间的不同时期增加或减少；建设用地的增加主要源于水域，其次为草地和林地；水域的减少除被建设用地占据外，部分水域变成草地、未利用地、耕地；1987-2006年滨海新区土地利用程度综合指数逐年提高，且不同时期土地利用程度变化量和变化率均大于0，表明该区域正处于土地利用发展时期，集约程度将会进一步提高，有利于城市可持续发展。

Characteristics of land use change in Tianjin Binhai New Area based on remote sensing

In order to reveal the land use pattern and intensive degree during the rapid development period of Tianjin Binhai New Area （TBNA） in recent years, land use change information of TBNA in the years of 1987, 1993, 2001, and 2006 were extracted by integrating TM/ETM images with remote sense software. Based on statistic method in conjunction with GIS, spatial-temporal changes of land use in TBNA during 20 recent years were revealed. Results showed that land use pattern significantly changed from 1987 to 2006, charactering by large increase of built-up land and decrease of water. Additionally, changes of built-up land or water showed consistent pattern in different periods, whereas farmland, grassland, woodland and unutilized land decreased or increased in different 4 periods from 1987 to 2006. Increase of built-up land was dominantly from water, and partly from grassland and woodland. Only a small amount of farmland changed to built-up land. Besides changes to built-up land, water also partly changed to grassland, unutilized land and farmland. The comprehensive index of land use degree gradually increased from 1987 to 2006, and change quantity and rate were all above 0, which indicated TBNA was in the land use development period. Additionally, urban land intensive use will be further enhanced in the future, providing effective safeguard for sustainable development of city in this study area.