承德坝上松林野生食用菌资源

为了促进承德坝上地区林下野生食用菌，尤其是野生贸易真菌资源的开发和保护，笔者于2007-2010年夏，对承德坝上及其邻近地区松林下野生食用菌的资源状况进行了调查研究。共统计松林下野生食用菌16科31属102种，野生贸易真菌6科4属15种。结果表明，随着坝上实行了禁牧、禁伐、退耕还林等措施，生态环境逐渐好转，松林野生食用菌生物多样性总体呈上升的趋势，然而野生贸易真菌的种类和产量呈逐年下降趋势，尤其白香蘑已经到了濒危物种的边缘，呼吁立即采取行之有效的开发和保护措施。

Wild Edible Fungus Resources of Chengde Plateau

In order to promote the development and protection of wild edible resources in Chengde Plateau, especially wild commercial fungus, from 2007 to 2010, the author studied wild edible mushrooms which were collected from forests of pine in Chengde Plateau and adjacent regions. In total, 102 taxa belonging to 31 genera of 16 families were identified, among which 15 taxa in 4 genera of 6 families were commercial mushrooms traded in the local markets. The results showed that, with the implementation of measures including grazing ban, logging ban, returning farmland to forest and so on in Sanhanba, ecological environment was gradually improved. The diversity of wild edible mushrooms from pine had a overall upward trend, while the variety and quantity of wild commercial fungi appeared a decline, especially the Lepista eaespitosa had reached the edge of endangered species. It was appealed for taking some effective exploitation and conservation measures.