2010年冬季陕南柑橘受冻气象条件分析及防御对策

为了有效利用气候资源，趋利避害，合理规划和发展陕南柑橘产业，在对2010年冬季陕南柑橘越冬冻害灾情调查的基础上，分析了当年柑橘越冬期冻害形成的气候背景；结合柑橘越冬期冻害指标及低温过程中的有害积寒，分析并验证了陕南柑橘越冬期冻害等级指标，提出了用低温过程中有害积寒划分陕南柑橘越冬冻害等级的相关指标；通过对安康、汉中2市12个柑橘种植县（区）2010年冬季及历史极端最低气温和低温过程有害积寒的分析，探讨了陕南柑橘越冬期冻害西部重于东部的原因，其分析结果与调查实情基本相符；最后从多个方面提出柑橘越冬期冻害的防御对策。

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions of Citrus Cold Damage of Southern Shaanxi in Winter 2010 and Its Defensive Countermeasures

In order to use climate resources effectively and pursure the interests while avoiding disadvantages,planning and development southern Shaanxi citrus industry reasonably,in this paper,on the basis of disaster survey of southern Shaanxi citrus cold damage in winter 2010,the author analyzed the climatic background of citrus cold damage in winter 2010,and combined the citrus cold damage indicators overwintering stage and harmful accumulated cold over the cold wave,analyzed and verified the southern Shaanxi citrus cold damage level indicators,and put forward the southern Shaanxi citrus cold damage level indicators which divided by using the harmful accumulated cold over the cold wave.On the analysis of the extreme minimum temperature and the harmful accumulated cold over the cold wave in wintering 2010 and in historical years of 12 citrus planting county in Ankang Region and Hanzhong Region,the author discussed the reason that southern Shaanxi citrus cold damage over wintering stage in western was graver than in eastern,and the analysis results were matched the truth basically,finally put forward the defensive countermeasures of citrus cold damage overwintering stage from several aspects.