某矿区附近不同作物对3种重金属富集能力的研究

为了研究不同作物对重金属的积累特征，以陕西省某金矿生产区及附近不同区段生长的4种作物--玉米(Zea mays L.)、南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)、野大豆(Glycine javanica L.)和黄豆(Giycine max (L) Merril)为研究对象，采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定并分析其体内铜、镉和锌含量，以便确定建立人工生态系统的植物种类。结果表明：除野大豆根际的重金属Zn外，4种作物根际土壤中的3种重金属单项污染指数均大于1，均处于污染状态；玉米、黄豆和南瓜对Zn的富集能力均较强，其中以南瓜的富集能力最强，其富集系数为7.11，转移系数为43.18；野大豆和玉米对Cu的富集能力较强；而4种作物对Cd的富集能力均较弱，虽然转移系数大于1，但富集系数均小于1。

Study on the Concentration Capacity to Three Kinds of Heavy Metals for Different Crops

In order to study accumulation property of the heavy metals in different crops and establish the plant species of artificial eco-system,the author chose four species crops as subjects,including Zea mays L.,Cucurbita moschata,Glycine javanica L.,Giycine max（L） Merril,investigated around the golden mineral in Shaanxi Province and determined the concentration of the heavy metals by applying flame atomic absorption spectrometry,including copper,zinc and cadmium.The results showed that,except the rhizospheric soil of Glycine javanica L.was clean to Zn,the rhizospheric soils of four species crops were contaminated by 3 kinds of metals because their single factor pollution index were greater than 1.Among these crops,the concentration capacity to zinc was all powerful for Zea mays L.,Giycine max（L） Merril and Cucurbita moschata.Especially Cucurbita moschata had the biggest transfer factors and concentration factors to Zn,and they were 43.18 and 7.11 individually.Glycine javanica L.and Zea mays L.had the powerful concentration capacity to copper.Although all crops transfer factors were more than 1,their concentration factors were all less than 1,so all crops had the weaker concentration capacity to cadmium.