农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平性及其影响因素分析——基于全国14省1012位农民工的调查

农民工大多受雇于私营企业,形成了农民工与私营企业之间的劳动交易关系。劳动交易公平是保障农民工权益、构建和谐劳动关系的重要基础。实证研究表明,农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平性的结构主要由最低劳动标准、所得均衡分配和尊重与自我实现三大要素构成;农民工的个人特征对最低劳动标准、所得分配均衡和尊重与自我实现有显著影响;企业特征对农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平性的影响不明显;劳动合同特征对最低劳动标准有显著影响。要实现农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平,应提高农民工文化技能水平,增强农民工市场议价能力;强化劳动合同监督检查,提高劳动合同签订率;推动集体协商和集体谈判,真正实现劳动合同的契约化。

Analysis of the Labor Transaction Equity between Migrant Workers and Private Enterprises and Its Influencing Factors:An Empirical Investigation Based on the Survey Data of 1 012 Migrant Workers from 14 Provinces

Most migrant workers are employed by private enterprises, and labor transaction relations are formed between mi-grant workers and private enterprises. The equity of labor transaction is the key foundation for guaranteeing migrant workers rights and constructing harmonious labor relations. Empirical studies shows that the structure of Labor Transaction equity be-tween Migrant Workers and Private Enterprises consists of minimum labor standards, balanced distribution of income and re-spect and self-realization; Personal characteristics of migrant workers have a significant impact on minimum labor standards, balanced distribution of income and respect and self-realization; influence on the labor transaction equity by enterprises' fea-ture is not obvious; Labor contract characteristics have a significant effect on minimum labor standards. To improve labor transaction equity between migrant workers and private enterprises, these measures should be taken including enhancing mar-ket bargaining ability of migrant workers by improving their education and skill level; increasing the signing rate of labor contracts by strengthening supervision on labor contracts; Realizing the contractualization of labor relations by promoting col-lective consultation and collective bargaining.