Interactive effects of pyrimethanil,soil moisture and temperature on Folsomia candida and Sinella curviseta (Collembola) |
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| Institution: | 1. LOEWE Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre BiK-F, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany;2. ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstrasse 2-14, 65439 Flörsheim, Germany;3. Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany;1. DISAFA, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;2. AGROINNOVA-Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy;1. Normandie Université, EA 1293 ECODIV-Rouen, SFR SCALE, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, 76821, France;2. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7179, 4 Avenue du Petit-Château, Brunoy 91800, France;1. IMAR-CMA, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal;2. Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiKF), Frankfurt am Main, Germany;3. Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra – Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Portugal;4. ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Flörsheim am Main, Germany;5. Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;6. Department of Environmental Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark;1. Department of Biology, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus de Gurupi, Rua Badejós, Zona Rural, Cx. Postal 66, CEP: 77402-970 Gurupi-TO, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The aim of the presented investigation was to study effects resulting from specific aspects of climate change and chemical stress (individually or in interaction) on soil organisms. In detail, the interaction of different temperatures (20 °C and 26 °C) and soil moisture levels (30%, 50% and 70% of the water holding capacity) were examined in combination with the fungicide pyrimethanil on the reproduction of two Collembola species (Folsomia candida and Sinella curviseta). Testing was based on the standard collembolan reproduction test (OECD-Guideline 232), following an ECX design. Low soil moisture led to a significant reduction of the juveniles in the control groups in contrast to medium or high soil moisture. Furthermore, the results showed a significant influence of both climatic factors on the toxicity of the fungicide. In general, both species reacted more sensitive when exposure was conducted in dry soil or at enhanced temperature. |
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| Keywords: | Pesticide Fungicide Springtail Environmental factor Full factorial design Climate change |
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