小麦未熟胚离体培养的研究——愈伤组织的诱导及再生植株

本文研究了小麦未熟胚培养中的几个关键问题,结果表明:不同品种类型对幼胚离体培养反应差异明显,不仅最终成苗率相差悬殊,从9.8～100％,胚龄大小及胚的放置方向也同样反应出品种间的不同。研究结果还明确了几种主要培养基和培养基中2,4-D浓度的效应。

STUDIES ON EMBRYO CULTURE IN VITRO——CALLUS INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATION IN WHEAT

The paper deals with parts of the study results on immature embryo cul-ture in wheat during 1984-86.The experimental results indicated that the response of different genotypes to immature embryo culture was quite differentand the final green plantlets establishment ranged from 9.8 to 100%.Thedifferences of genetic characteristics with different embryo age and the pla-ced position,i.e.,the scutellum surface against the media or the scutellumup,showed the same effects.Two week old(1-2mm in length)young embryoswere easy to culture and callus induction,and less plantlets produced directlyfrom this kind of explants.Therefore,1-2 mm long young embryos were sui-table for inducing mutants,selection in vitro,or for obtaining cells or proto-plasts derived from callus in celt or protoplast culture.There were markedlydifferent.responses of genotypes to embryo placing position in embryo culture.However,no absolute different results could be found in any cultivar and itseffect was not as significant as that of genetic characteristics and of media.Therefore,the conclution could be drawn that the placing position of embryoson media would not play an important role in inducing callus and plant rege-neration.In present study,different media had different effects in immatureembryo culture.Of the five media used,Maiji No.1 was the best,MS,N_6 andC_(17) took the second place.P_(2md),was not suitable for wheat immature embryoculture even if it was designed for cereal crop tissue culture.According toour experimental results,2,4-D concentration in media of 2 mg 1~(-1)showed the best.