高表面活性矿物对磷矿粉的活化及其对玉米苗期生长的影响

用不同方法对加入高表面活性矿物的磷矿粉进行活化处理,在石灰性土壤上的玉米苗期土培试验结果表明,不同活化处理对玉米苗期的生长、磷效率和土壤有效磷等指标产生了显著影响,高表面活性矿物对磷矿粉的活化具有明显的效果。在所有活化处理中,磷矿粉+高表面活性矿物4(MPR4)处理有利于作物地上部的生长,而磷矿粉+有机活化剂(MPR5)处理有利于根系的发育;MPR4处理的地上部生物量最高,比磷矿粉(PR)增加20.73%,为水溶性磷肥(SP)的92.68%;MPR5处理的根系生物量最高,比磷矿粉直接施用处理增加30.74%,为水溶性磷肥(SP)的115.86%。磷矿粉经高表面活性矿物活化后可显著提高植株的磷吸收效率,但不利于磷的利用;磷矿粉经高表面活性矿物活化后可明显增加土壤有效磷含量,活化处理磷矿粉可使土壤有效磷比PR平均增加0.98mg/kg,其中最佳活化处理可使土壤有效磷比PR增加2.05mg/kg。

Activation of highly surface-activated minerals to phosphate rock and its effects on the growth of corn seedlings

Phosphate rocks added with highly surface-activated minerals (HSAM) were disposed with different methods. Corn seedlings were cultivated in calcareous soil. The results showed that the growth, phosphorus efficiency and soil available phosphorus were influenced significantly by different activation, and HSAM could significantly activate phosphate rocks. In all activation treatments, the treatment of MPR4 was beneficial to the shoot growth of corn seedlings, while MPR5 was beneficial to the root growth. MPR4 has the highest shoot biomass, increased 20.73 % compared with PR treatment, and was 92.68 % of the SP treatment. MPR5 has the highest root biomass, increased 30.74 % compared with PR treatment, and was 115.86 % of the SP treatment. Phosphate rocks activated with HSAM could significantly increase phosphorus uptake efficiency of corn shoot, but was not good at phosphorus utilization, and phosphate rocks could obviously increase soil available phosphorus content after activated by HSAM. Activating phosphate rocks could increase soil available phosphorus 0.98 mg/kg in average, even the optimal treatment (MPR4) could increase soil available phosphorus 2.05 mg/kg.