牛GlyCAM1基因遗传多态性的研究

摘要：以中国荷斯坦牛、鲁西黄牛、渤海黑牛为研究对象，利用CRS-PCR、PCR-SSCP及DNA测序技术检测了GlyCAM1基因的遗传多态性。结果表明：本研究首次发现在牛GlyCAM1基因外显子3的第2081（A/C）和内含子3的2417（C/T）位点存在突变，两位点在3个牛群中的等位基因频率A/B分别为0.7525/0.2475、0.6112/0.3888、0.3375/0.6625； 0.9046/0.0954、0.8383/0.1617、0.7875/0.2125；经过χ2适合性检验, 3种牛群在内含子3的突变达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P>0.05），在外显子3鲁西黄牛和渤海黑牛达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P>0.05），但中国荷斯坦牛的突变在此位点未达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P<0.05）。

Analysis of genetic polymorphisms at GlyCAM1 gene in cattle

Abstract： The genetic polymorphism of GlyCAM1 gene in three different breeds (China Holstein cattle, Luxi Yellow cattle, Bohai Black cattle) were studied by CRS-PCR and PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. Sequencing results showed that two polymorphic sites were identified at first, which they were at position (A/C) and (C/T) in the GlyCAM1 gene exon3 and intron3 respectively. In the 2081 site the allelic frequencies of A and B were 0.7525/0.2475、0.6112/0.3888、0.3375/0.6625 respectively in China Holstein cattle, Luxi Yellow cattle and Bohai Black cattle. In the 2417 site the allelic frequencies of A and B were 0.9046/0.0954、0.8383/0.1617、0.7875/0.2125 respectively in three different breeds. χ2 test indicated that the polymorphic sites of intron3 were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05) in the three different breeds. The polymorphic sites of exon3 were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05) in Luxi Yellow cattle and Bohai Black cattle.But it was not in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05) in Chinese Holstein cattle.