棉花高产育种中植株形态性状及产量性状选育模式参数的研究

以2006年和2007年参加河南省春播棉品种区域试验的15个棉花品种为试材,对其植株性状(株高、果枝始节和果枝台数)、产量因素性状(单株铃数、单位面积总铃数、铃重、籽指、衣分、皮棉产量)和纤维品质性状(上半部长度、整齐度、麦克隆值、比强度、伸长率、反射率、黄度、纺纱均匀性指数)的17个数量性状为研究对象,各棉花品种的指标数据均取其2 a参试结果的平均值,在主成分分析和通径分析的基础上,利用多元多项式回归及模拟仿真因素取值的频率分析棉花高产育种的数量性状选育模式参数。结果表明:皮棉产量≥1500 kg/hm2的棉花选育模式参数为株高97.67～99.60 cm、果枝始节6.48～6.89节、果枝台数13.68～13.97台、株铃19.08～19.27个、铃重6.14～6.18 g、衣分39.23%～39.51%,产量期望可达到2 196 kg/hm2。

Research on Breeding Mode Parameters of Plant Morphological Characters and Yield Characters of High-yield Cotton

Using 15 cotton varieties as the materials which participated in varieties regional trial of spring sowing cotton in He’nan Province in 2006 and 2007,taking 17 quantitative characters of plant traits,yield components traits and fiber quality traits as the research object,mode parameters of quantitative traits of cotton high-yield breeding were analyzed using multivariate polynomial regression and simulation of frequency values of factors,based on the main component analysis and path analysis.The results showed that the cotton breeding mode parameters of lint yield≥1 500 kg/hm2 were stem length 97.67-99.60 cm,first fruit node 6.48-6.89 node,fruit branch number 13.68-13.97,boll per plant 19.08-19.27,boll weight 6.14-6.18 g,ginningoutturn 39.23%-39.51%.The expected lint yield can reach 2 196 kg/hm2.