旅大红骨种质在吉林省玉米育种中的利用潜力分析

采用不完全双列杂交设计，以3个近年来在吉林省玉米生产中主要应用杂交种的6个亲本自交系为测验种，对4份旅大红骨骨干自交系进行潜力分析。共组配24个杂交组合，以先玉335为对照，分析旅大红骨种质在产量、果穗、农艺性状及综合抗性方面的配合力和杂种优势。结果表明，E28、LD61和丹340的一般配合力可降低株高和穗位高，4个旅系均增加弯孢菌叶斑病、大斑病、灰斑病和茎腐病抗性。丹340和丹598的一般配合力表现为增产，特殊配合力表现为延长生育期，增加收获期绿叶数；E28和LD61表现相反。对产量配合力分析发现，产量与总配合力和母本一般配合力极显著相关，与总配合力的相关系数更大。杂种优势分析发现，丹598的杂种优势最好，3个父本系PH4CV、昌7-2和PD752B与被测系旅大红骨的亲缘关系更近。

Utilization Potential Analysis of Lvda Red Cob Germplasm in Maize Breeding in Jilin Province

An incomplete diallel cross design was used to analyze the breeding potential of 4 Lvda Red Cob inbred lines, 6 parental inbred lines from 3 main hybrid lines of Jilin province were selected as the test lines. A total of 24 crosses were created with Xianyu335 as the control. The combining ability and heterosis of germplasm of Lvda Red Cob were analyzed in these traits including yield, ear, agronomic characters, and comprehensive resistance. The results showed that the general combining ability of E28, LD61, and Dan340 decreased plant height and ear height, and 4 lines increased the resistance to Curvularia leaf spot, big spot, gray spot, and stem rot. The general combining ability of Dan340 and Dan598 increased yield, and the special combining ability extended the growth stage and increased the number of green leaves at harvest, while E28 and LD61 showed the opposite. The analysis of yield combining ability showed that yield was significantly correlated with total combining ability values and general combining ability values of mother parental lines, and the correlation coefficient with total combining ability was greater. The results of heterosis analysis showed that Dan598 had the best heterosis value, and the 3 paternal lines PH4CV, Chang7-2, and PD752B were more closely related to the tested line.