添加蚯蚓粪对盐胁迫下玉米气孔特征和光合特性的影响

以玉米为试验材料，设置5个处理，盐胁迫下添加蚯蚓粪比例分别为0、10%、20%、40%，以不添加蚯蚓粪和NaCl溶液的处理为空白对照，分析盐胁迫下添加蚯蚓粪对玉米气孔特征和光合特性的影响。结果表明，添加蚯蚓粪能够显著增加盐胁迫下玉米叶片近轴面的气孔长度、气孔面积和气孔周长，远轴面气孔长度和气孔周长也随着蚯蚓粪的添加显著增加，玉米叶片近轴面和远轴面气孔空间分布在添加蚯蚓粪处理变得更加规则。添加蚯蚓粪处理后玉米幼苗的净光合速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度和气孔导度与盐胁迫处理相比显著升高，同时玉米幼苗的水分利用效率显著升高。添加蚯蚓粪能有效增大盐胁迫下玉米幼苗叶片的最大光化学转化效率，降低相对电导率，缓解盐胁迫对玉米的伤害。

Effects of Vermicompost on Stomatal Traits and Leaf Photosynthesis of Maize Seedlings under the Salt Stress

To explore the effect of the interaction between vermicompost and salt stress on the stomatal characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of maize, five treatments were set with maize as the experimental material. Under the salt stress, the proportions of vermicompost were 0, 10%, 20%, and 40%, respectively. The changes of earthworm manure on the stomatal characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of maize under salt stress were analyzed with the treatment without vermicompost and NaCl solution as the blank control. The results showed that the addition of vermicompost could significantly increase the stomatal length, stomatal area, and stomatal perimeter of maize leaves under salt stress. At the same time, the length and perimeter of stomata on the abaxial surface also increased significantly with the addition of vermicompost. The spatial distribution of stomata on adaxial and abaxial surfaces of maize leaves became more regular after adding vermicompost. The net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and stomatal conductance of maize seedlings treated with vermicompost were significantly higher than those treated with salt stress, and the water use efficiency of maize seedlings was increased. The addition of vermicompost can also effectively increase the maximum photochemical transformation efficiency of maize seedling leaves under salt stress, reduce the relative conductivity and alleviate the damage of salt stress to maize.