富铁营养保健型超早熟谷子新种质的创新

【目的】解决中国广大高寒地区种植作物单一、效益低下的难题。【方法】采用目标性状基因库育种法创新超早熟谷子新种质－超早熟2号。【结果】超早熟2号具有以下几个方面的突出特点：（1）生育期间需有效积温1650℃,在海拔1400 m左右的河北省坝上正常成熟;（2）超早熟2号小米含铁量为54.10 mg·kg-1,比中国小米平均含量高出62.0%;（3）粗脂肪含量为6.24%,比中国小米平均含量高出54.1%;（4）中国小米粗蛋白平均含量为12.71%,超过14%的品种仅5%,超早熟2号粗蛋白含量为14.36%,其粗蛋白含量是中国谷子推广品种中少见的;（5）综合性状优良。【结论】超早熟2号的育成并在高寒地区推广对促进中国超早熟谷子育种的开展和高寒地区种植业结构调整具有重要意义,实践表明目标性状基因库育种法在超早熟等特异种质创新方面效果明显。

An Innovation in New Germplasm of Iron-Enriched Nutritive Health Care Type Super Prematurity Millet

【Objective】The objective of this study was to solve the difficult problem that adapted crops is single and inefficient in high altitude and cold areas of China.【Method】Using "target character gene bank breeding method", a new millet germplasm Super Prematurity No.2 was developed.【Result】It has some prominent characters: (1) It can normally mature in Bashang of Hebei where the altitude is above 1400 meters. It needs effective accumulated temperature 1650℃ in growing period. (2) The millet is rich in iron and the content of iron is 54.10 mg·kg-1. The average content of iron is 62.0% higher than other varieties in China. (3) The content of crude fat is 6.24%, and the average content of fat is 54.1% higher than other millet varieties. (4) The average content of crude protein of the millet varieties in China is 12.71%, among these varieties, whose crude protein content is higher than 14% is only 5%. The protein content of Super Prematurity No.2 is 14.36%. (5) The synthetic characters are better. 【Conclusion】 It has important significance that super prematurity No.2 has been bred and extended in high altitude and cold areas, thus promoting the development of Super Prematurity millet breeding and the adjusting the structure of crop production in the wide areas with high altitude and low temperature. The practice of super prematurity millet variety breeding indicates that the "targeted-character-gene bank-breeding method" has obvious effects in innovating super prematurity millet and other special idioplasm.