日光温室中不同架式对葡萄光合特性及果实品质的影响

【目的】研究日光温室中夏黑无核葡萄在不同架式下的光合特性及果实品质，对篱架和棚架在温室葡萄栽培上表现的优劣作出评价。【方法】利用Li－6400xt便携式光合测定仪测定净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）等光合参数；果实成熟期测量果实品质的各项指标，其中VC含量用2，6－二氯酚靛酚滴定法测定，果实总酸含量用NaOH 滴定法测定。【结果】棚架各时期的全天Pn值都高于篱架栽培，且叶片叶绿素含量高于篱架叶片；从果实膨大期、转色期到成熟期，两种架式的Pn日变化峰值和均值逐渐降低；Pn与其他光合因素显著相关；棚架栽培下葡萄的单粒重和可溶性固形物明显高于篱架，单穗重、总糖和VC含量也高于篱架，但差异不显著。【结论】在日光温室条件下，棚架栽培的夏黑无核葡萄的叶片光合特性及果实品质都优于篱架栽培。

Effects of Different Training Systems on Photosynthesis and Berry Quality of Grapes in Solar Greenhouses

Objective]This experiment aims to use "Summer black"grape in solar greenhouse to study the effects of different training systems on photosynthesis and berry quality,in order to evaluate the perform-ance of pergola and vertical trellis systems of grapes in solar greenhouses.Method]The photosynthetic pa-rameters such as Net photosynthetic rate (Pn),Transpiration rate (Tr),Stomatal conductance (Gs)and In-tercellular CO2 concentration (Ci)were determined by Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system.The indexes of berry quality were measured in the maturity stage,and Vitamin C content was determined by 2,6-Dichlo-rophenolindophenol titration method,and the total acid content was measured by NaOH titration method.Re-sult]The Pn value and the chlorophyll content in pergola training system in each growth period were higher than those in vertical trellis system.From fruit enlargement period,color rotation period to maturity stage,the peak and mean of Pn in two training systems were gradually reduced.Pn showed significant correlation with other photosynthetic factors.Single grain weight and soluble solids in pergola training system were significantly higher than those in vertical trellis system.Single panicle weight,total sugar and vitamin C content were high-er than those in vertical trellis system,but the difference was not so significant.Conclusion]Summer Black grapes by pergola training system showed better performance in photosynthesis and berry quality than those by vertical trellis system in solar greenhouses.