Improved drought tolerance of transgenic Zea mays plants that express the glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdhA) of E. coli |
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Authors: | David A Lightfoot Rajsree Mungur Rafiqa Ameziane Scott Nolte Lynn Long Karen Bernhard Andrew Colter Karen Jones M J Iqbal Edward Varsa Brian Young |
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Institution: | (1) The Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;(2) Present address: University of Berkley, San Francisco, CA, USA;(3) Present address: Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (MCDB), University of Michigan, 830 North University, Natural Science Building (Kraus), Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA;(4) The Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA |
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Abstract: | Genetic modification of nitrogen metabolism via bacterial NADPH- dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH; E.C.4.1.2.1) favorably
alters growth and metabolism of C3 plants. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of expression of GDH in the cytoplasmic
compartment of Zea mays cells. The gdhA gene from Escherichia coli , that encoded a NADPH-GDH, was ligated to the ubiquitin promoter that incorporated the first intron enhancer and used to
transform Z. mays cv. ‘H99’ embryo cultures by biolistics. R0–R3 generations included selfed inbreds, back-crossed inbreds, and hybrids with
B73 derivatives. The lines with the highest GDH specific activity produced infertile R0 plants. The highest specific activity
of GDH from the fertile Z. mays plants was sufficient to alter phenotypes. Plant damage caused by the phosphinothricin in gluphosinate-type herbicides, glutamine
synthetase (GS; EC 6.1.3.2) inhibitors, was less pronounced in Z. mays plants with gdhA pat than in gusA pat plants. Germination and grain biomass production were increased in gdhA transgenic plants in the field during seasons with significant water deficits but not over all locations. Water deficit
tolerance under controlled conditions was increased. Crops modified with gdhA may have value in semi-arid locations. |
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Keywords: | Ammonia assimilation Glutamate dehydrogenase Transgenic plants Phosphinothricin Gluphosinate |
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