大豆不同杂交组合农艺和品质性状的遗传分析

为正确选配亲本及提高育种效果,采用6×5 NCⅡ遗传交配设计,对11个大豆品种的11个性状的遗传力和配合力效应进行了分析.结果表明:蛋白质、百粒重、节数的狭义遗传力较高,早代选择效果较好,茎粗和虫食粒率的狭义遗传力较低,适合在中高代进行选择.大豆各性状的加性遗传效应是主要的.吉林38和通农13单株粒重的一般配合力较高,是高产育种的理想亲本,意3蛋白质的一般配合力较高,是提高蛋白质含量的理想亲本.吉林35×PEMVy、通农13×SAPPRO、2002系选×EXP和吉林38×意3组合的特殊配合力较高,可作为高产潜力组合进一步在后代中重点选择.

Genetic Analysis on Agronomic and Quality Traits in Different Soybean Combinations

In order to match parents properly and enhance breeding efficency, 11 soybean varieties were used in a 6 × 5 NCII genetic mating design. Heritability and combining ability effect of 11 traits was analyzed. Results showed that protein content , 100-seed weight and nodes per stem had higher narrow sense heritability, and they should be selected in early generations. Stem diameter,insect bitten rate had lower narrow sense heritability,and they should be selected in middle or late generations. The additive effect was dominant for all tested traits. Jilin 38 and Tongtong 13 had higher general combing ability (GCA)for seed yield per plant and they should be selected as parents for high-yield breeding. Yi 3 had higher GCA in protein content and it should be selected as parents for high-protein breeding. Higher special combining ability(SCA)for yield related traits were observed in Jilin 35 × PEMVy,Tongnong 13 × SAPPRO, Lines 2002 × EXP and Jilin 38 x Yi 3. They could be used as a high yield potential combination in the offspring.