菜用大豆田节肢动物的群落特征

根据菜用大豆田节肢动物物种的组成和数量,按照营养和取食关系,将群落划分为害虫类、捕食类、寄生类和中性类亚群落,采用群落分析的多个参数比较分析了群落的结构特征.在菜用大豆田共查出节肢动物116种,分属于59科.春种和秋种菜用大豆田各亚群落的相对丰盛度分别为:害虫类(0.7018)>捕食类(0.1641)>中性类(0.0923)>寄生类(0.0418),害虫类(0.9586)>捕食类(0.0164)>寄生类(0.0145)>中性类(0.0104).各亚群落的优势集中性分别为:中性类(0.4392)>捕食类(0.1547)>寄生类(0.1468)>害虫类(0.1310),害虫类(0.8388)>寄生类(0.6878)>捕食类(0.4452)>中性类(0.2852).各亚群落的多样性分别为:害虫类(3.3957)>捕食类(3.2822)>寄生类(3.1842)>中性类(1.9607),中性类(2.3116)>寄生类(2.1081)>捕食类(1.1338)>害虫类(0.5940).各亚群落的均匀性分别为:寄生类(0.8363)>害虫类(0.7088)>捕食类(0.7068)>中性类(0.5298),中性类(0.6071)>捕食类(0.4540)>寄生类(0.3278)>害虫类(0.1264).秋种菜用大豆田多样性指数和均匀性指数较低,优势集中性较高,害虫大发生的可能性较大.

Characters of arthropod community in vegetable soybean field

The arthropod community was divided into four sub-communities: pests,predators,parasitoids and neutralities by the standard of nutrition and hunting.The structures of arthropod community and different sub-communities were analyzed by using a number of community parameters.The results indicated that there were 116 species of arthropods belonging to 59 families in vegetable soybean field.The relative abundance of four sub-communities was pests(0.7018) > predators(0.1641)>neutralities((0.0923) >)parasitoids(0.0418) and pests(0.9586)>predators(0.0164)>parasitoids(0.0145)>neutralities(0.0104),respectively in two development season. The dominant concentration of four sub-communities was neutralities(0.4392)>predators((0.1547)>)parasitoids(0.1468)>pests(0.1310) and pests(0.8388)>parasitoids(0.6878)>predators(0.4452)>neutralities(0.2852),respectively.The diversity index of four sub-communities was pests(3.3957)>predators(3.2822)>parasitoids(3.1842) >neutralities(1.9607) and neutralities(2.3116)>parasitoids(2.1081)>predators(1.1338)>pests((0.5940).)The evenness index of four sub-communities showed parasitoids(0.8363)>pests(0.7088)>predators(0.7068)>neutralities((0.5298))and neutralities(0.6071)>predators(0.4540)>parasitoids(0.3278)>pests(0.1264),respectively.The results indicated that the diversity and evenness index of arthropod community and four sub-communities was low,while the dominant concentration was high in fall sowing season.This suggested that the pest outbreak was more possible in fall season than that in spring season.