| 地膜秸秆双覆盖对免耕种植玉米田土壤水热效应的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 殷涛,何文清,严昌荣,刘爽,刘恩科.地膜秸秆双覆盖对免耕种植玉米田土壤水热效应的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(19):78-87. |
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| 作者姓名： | 殷涛 何文清 严昌荣 刘爽 刘恩科 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室,北京,100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金项目（31171512）;国家"十二五"科技支撑计划"旱作农业关键技术研究与示范"项目（2011BAD09B01） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对免耕秸秆覆盖种植在北方旱区导致土壤温度降低,从而造成作物产量下降的问题,该研究依托山西寿阳农业部旱地农业野外科学试验站长期保护性耕作定位试验,在免耕秸秆覆盖(NTSM)的处理上增加了地膜覆盖措施,研究秸秆地膜双覆盖免耕(NTSMP)措施对农田土壤水分、土壤温度、水分利用效率及作物产量的影响。研究结果表明,在玉米生长前期,NTSMP 0~20 cm土层的土壤含水率分别比NTSM和对照处理(CT)高20.2%和21.5%,差异显著(P0.05),但在40~110 cm土层,NTSMP处理土壤含水率却分别比NTSM及CT低8.8%~14.0%和12.7%~18.8%,差异显著(P0.05)。整个生育期结束后,NTSMP处理的土壤储水量出现了负增长,但与CT处理相比差异并不显著(P0.05)。玉米生育期前期(4月~5月)0~10 cm土壤平均温度,NTSMP处理比NTSM和CT分别高3.2℃和1.9℃,差异显著(P0.05)。NTSMP处理的玉米产量分别比NTSM和CT高50.3%、36.8%(P0.05),水分利用效率分别提高了42.5%和30.4%(P0.05)。可见,NTSMP在玉米生育前期可以增加表层土壤温度,提高表层土壤含水率,为玉米生长提供了良好的水热条件,并最终实现了玉米产量和水分利用效率的大幅提高。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤 含水率 温度 地膜秸杆双覆盖 免耕 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/6/19 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/10/14 0:00:00 |
Effects of plastic mulching on surface of no-till straw mulching on soil water and temperature |
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| Yin Tao,He Wenqing,Yan Changrong,Liu Shuang and Liu Enke.Effects of plastic mulching on surface of no-till straw mulching on soil water and temperature[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(19):78-87. |
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| Authors: | Yin Tao He Wenqing Yan Changrong Liu Shuang and Liu Enke |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | |
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| Keywords: | soils moisture temperature plastic and straw mulching no tillage |
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