茭白肉质茎膨大过程中保护酶活性变化初探

以蒋墅茭为试验材料，于采收盛期选择正常茭不同大小的肉质茎，以雄茭的短缩茎尖为对照，分别测定过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性。结果表明：正常茭白的各种酶在肉质茎的膨大过程中，各种酶活性总体上均呈下降趋势。但POD活性在肉质茎膨大中期有一个上升阶段，PAL、SOD活性在膨大后期低于雄茭，说明POD既参与保护性反应，又参与细胞、组织的分化和细胞膨大。茭白肉质茎的膨大过程是一个感病过程，CAT可能是植物保护性反应的标志酶。

Primary Study on Changes of Protective Enzymes'Activities in Zizania Gall's Swelling

The activities of POD, CAT, PPO, PAL and SOD were investigated in Zizania gall of different swelling stages, using culm's apex of unswollen as control. The results showed that, the activities of different enzymes descended generally in the gall's expanding, but the activities of POD ascended in metaphase of gall's expanding. The activities of PAL and SOD in the gall in anaphase of gall's expanding were lower than that in the apex of unswollen. The results inferred that these enzymes were concerned with protective reactions of plant, also with expand and differentiation of cells and tissues. CAT was also likely to be used as sysbol enzyme of protecive reactions of plant.